Soil compaction is the process of mechanically increasing the density of the soil to improve its bearing capacity, stability and reduce settlement under future structures. It is carried out prior to the construction of foundations, floors, roads or paved surfaces. Rollers, vibratory plates or mechanical rammers are most commonly used. Depending on the type of soil (sand, gravel, clay), the appropriate method and intensity of compaction is selected.
Correct density limits the risk of floor cracks, uneven ground and structural damage. It is important to control the compaction index (I¶) through geotechnical investigations carried out with, for example, VSS plates or dynamic probes. This is one of the first but fundamental stages of any construction project.
